Last test

Today we had our last test in West Civ. at first I thought I did terrible, but I actually got a 90, so I am happy.

Medival

AD 476- 1453 Middle Ages

The new society has roots in: 

Classical heritage of Rome

customs of 

overrun the western half of the Roman Empire

causing: 

disruption of trade

downfall of cities

population shifts to rural areas

Decline of learning: 

Tribes had oral tradition, songs, but couldn't read Greek or Latin 

Romance languages evolve 

Few besides priests were literate 

Germanic warriors loyalty is to the lord of the manor. 

Charlemagne:
kept close watch on his huge estates
Louis' 3 sons: Lothair, Charles the Bald, and Louis the German split up the kingdom at the Treaty of Verdun in 843 A.D.
built the greatest empire since rome
fought the muslims in spain 

Other presentation:

Middle Ages: 476 - 1453
From the end of the Roman to the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks)
Romulus Augustus stepped down, was deposed as emperor
The new society has roots in:
Classical heritage of Rome
Beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church
Customs of various Germanic tribes
Overrun the western half of the Roman Empire
causing:
Disruption of trade
downfall of cities
population shifts to rural areas

Church revenues are used to help the poor, build roads and raise armies = theocracy

Hammer defeats a Muslim raiding party from Spain at the Battle of Tours in 732
(If he hadn't won, western Europe could have become part of the Muslim Empire - that's huge)
 Louis' three sons - Lothair Charles the Bald, Louis the German - split

Presentation

Main idea:
Many Germanic kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under Charles empire

Charles spread Christian civ. throughtout northern Europe, where many of us come from.

Middle Ages = medieval period
500 - 1500 AD
Medieval Europe is fragmented

D. A European Empire Evolves
1. Franks control largest European kingdom
a, The Roman province formerly known as Gaul
b. Ruled by Clovis - The Merovingian Dynasty

2. Major domo - mayor of the palaces - ruled the kingodom
3. Charles Martel - Charles the Hammer
a. Extended the Franks; reign to the north, south and east
b. Defeated a Muslim army from Spain at the Battle of Tours in 732 - historic battle!


Describe how Christianity evolve from an upstart group, into an organized religion.

Kingdom unite under Charlemagne

a. Invasion trigger changes in western Europe
2. Decline of Learning
a. Germanic invaders are illiterate, but they communicate through oral tradition
b. Only priests and church officials could read an write
c. Knowledge of Greek (and lit. science, philosophy) is almost lost
3. Loss of a common language
a. Dialects develop in different regions
b. By the 800s, French, Spanish, other Roman-based language are evolving from Latin

b. Germanic kingdom emerge
1. The concept of gov. changes
a. Roman society: loyal to public gov't
b. Germanic society: loyal to family
1. Germanic cheif led warriors
2. During peace, he provided food, weapons, treasure, a place to live (lord's hall)
3. During wartime, warriors fought for the lord

c. "the king? who's that? You want to collect taxes for me? Who are you?
d. Franks live in the Roman province of Gaul - their leader is Clovis

2. Franks under Clovis
a. Another battlefield conversion! (like Constantine)
b. Clovis and 3000 of his warriors are baptized by the bishop
c. The Church in Rome approves of this alliance
d. Clovis and the Church begin to work together

A simple mathematical equation
Clovis' military expertise
+ Church's support and money

C. Germanic people adopt Christianity
1. 511 AD - Clovis Franks into one kingdom
2. 600 AD - Church + Frankish rulers convert many
3. Fear of Muslims in southern Europe spur many to become Christians
4. Monasteries an convents
a. 520 AD - Benedict wrote the rulers for monks and monasteries
i. Poverty, chastity, obedience, study
b. His sister Scholastica did the same for nuns in convents
c. 731 AD - the Venerable Bede wrote a killer history of England
d. Monks opened schools, maintained libraries, and copied books (Bibles, Greek texts)

C. Germanic peoples adopt Christianity
5. (Pope) Gregory 1 expands papal power
a. Papacy = pope's office
b. Secular power = worldly power
c. So... under Gregory the Great

Papal Power (power of the pope) is political power presented from the pope's palace

d. The church can use church money to
raise armies
repair roads
help the poor

e. Gregory the Great began to act as mayor of Rome, and as head of and earthly kingdom (Christendom)

Kansas

Feudalism: a political, military and economic system based on land-holding and protective alliances
In other words: the system is based on personal loyalty to people who can help you.
Rich Dude(Lord): "I own land; I need people to help me work it and defend it"
Tough Dudes(Vassals): "There are a lot of us, we can help the rich dudes hold on to their land"
By protecting or getting anything they need
King
The most powerful Vassals(Nobles and Bishops)
Knights- mounted warriors who recieved Fiefs for defending the lord's land
Peasants(Mostly Serfs): Landless, powerless, money-less, rights-less. Just working the land for the man (their lord)

Manor: the lord's estate

• the lord's manor house
• a church 
• some workshops
• 15-30 families
• all on a few square miles

Good News: It's a self-sufficient community 
Bad News: It's harsh if you're a peasant
Not educated and never go very far from where they grow up.
A stand still: THE DARK AGES 

Peasants are poor AND pay high taxes 

• Tax on grain
• Tax on marriage
• Church tax (tithe= 10% of their income)

Off day

Today we didn't do anything, caz we had an off mod.